week 2
Learning outcomes
On completion of this unit a learner should:
- Know the impact of HCI on society, the economy and culture
- Understand the fundamental principles of interface design
- Be able to design and implement user interfaces.
Society: usability
improve usability eg reduce specialised knowledge, simplify input/output, user-friendliness, domestic appliance displays;
What do you think are the positive and negative effects on society of the following? Mobile Phones The Internet Embedded Computers
Society: interfaces
specialised interfaces eg for those with sight or speech problems; Speech-activated software has greatly improved since the 1990s where you had to speak slowly and with great clarity, a long pause was often needed to differentiate between words and punctuation.
It converts spoken text into electronic text through a microphone. The computer then interprets what is being said and the text appears on the screen as if it is being typed. Software that converts text to speech, called speech synthesis.
Works in a similar way to voice recognition only in reverse. The user types in text and the computer responds. The famous physicist Stephan Hawkins uses a rod like tool to tap out his text and the computer then speaks for him. A type of artificial intelligence also used in automated telephone services.
Society: Complex
complexity eg fly by wire, virtual reality, head up displays
Fly by wire systems are used in aircraft to replace human actions
Virtual reality systems used to train pilots, astronauts, and racing drivers provide opportunities to learn from life-threatening activities without risking human life Cost effective.
A very good example of VR in action can be found hereLearn to walk again VR
Heads Up Display-worn on the head like glasses - physical movements to interact with the game / golf / tennis
Society: Environment
interfaces for hostile environments eg remote control, data logging
Design an interface that could be used to input numbered data into a computer-based in the Antarctic (-50c) How could video samples be added into the system
Robots with remote control devices are particularly useful and life-saving in situations too dangerous for humans.
Locating landmines / landing a rocket on Mars to take samples.
A remote control is necessary as it allows the user to be a considerable distance away and therefore danger free.
Economy:productivity per individual
productivity per individual eg speed up inputs, reduce the complexity of input; The productivity of a user within a system is key to the overall success of the whole production chain. The saying "you are only as strong as your weakest link" is very prominent here. The speed in which data/material/coding can be processed at any stage will determine the overall time of production. Key considerations should and must happen at the research and development stage of any project would be the systems HCI. If the system is user-friendly (useability) then the speed of input will increase. Removing the levels of complexity that a system has can also affect the output of substandard products or information. The removal or breaking down of stages and tasks in a system to limit/remove the complexity can improve the output of a user.
Economy:automation
increase automation eg reduce human input, text readers, automatic judgement of output, voice input, thought input;
List the negative and positive effects of this.
Economy: working environment
Automatic Judgement of Output
Today's machinery has advanced considerably from past decades of equipment used in the construction, IT, banking, agricultural and many others. These systems have developed to enable efficiency, the speed of processing and reduced user requirement.
Examples of where this has happened the most are within the food industry where farmers and producers used to hire manual handlers to grade and sort produce based on thing's like, weight, colour, size and visual appearance. This manual process would obviously take a substantial amount of time to undertake, with the potential of spoilage rising due to the lengthy process.
Nowadays there are machines that do this grading at an impressive speed.
Economy: working environment
varied working environment eg mobile communications
The changes that technology advances have made to the working environment is colossal. During the early to mid-1980's tech giants begun to release fax machines, these tools enabled businesses to send documents via a telephone connection to another fax machine in another location. This first kind of email-enabled the process of signing contracts and other business processes to be sped up considerably, where they may have been done by courier or post.
This development continues to today's working environment, where we are able to send digital pictures of documents that are far sharper than most scanners to companies anywhere in the world within seconds. The advent of the mobile phone and portable laptop has also enabled the users to not be attached to a traditional office. Users are able to work remotely, in cars, out in a field even at the north pole as if they were in an office in the centre of a town.
Culture: people
Culture: the ways in which people use computers eg laptops, mobile phones, texting, mobile entertainment, mobile computing, domestic appliances, games;
Laptops
The ability to move around and work on a digital file or system had always been a struggle until the development of the laptop, developed in The Osborne 1, was released in 1981, used the Zilog Z80 operating systems, the unit weighed 10.7 kg however it had no battery! However, in the same year the first laptop-sized portable computer, the Epson HX-20, was announced.
The modern laptop of today is now more portable than ever, providing long battery life and good graphical capability the user of the laptop can do just about anything. The laptop does not discriminate against its users, it can be used by all ages and allows access to all and every part of the internet ( connection dependent).
mobile phones, texting, mobile entertainment, mobile computing,
The youth of today are the first of a generation today that have been raised under the digital cloud. The ways in which we communicate have changed dramatically since the invention of the beloved mobile phone.
On April 3, 1973, Martin Cooper, a Motorola researcher and executive, made the first mobile telephone call from handheld subscriber equipment, placing a call to Dr. Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs his rival. The prototype handheld phone used by Dr Cooper weighed 1.1 kg and measured 23 cm long, 13 cm deep and 4.45 cm wide.
For more information about the evolution of the humble mobile phone go to www.knowyourmobile.com
The mobile of today has come a long way from its initial developments we are now able to talk to each other in a conference call of more than two people, we can see each other through thing's like facetime and we are able to take pictures and videos of events as we see them.
Newer developments have also meant that we are able to work on software like Microsoft Office where documents can be created and edited on a mobile phone.
Most domestic appliances rely on a build in computer systems to operate
Domestic Devices
The evolution of domestic devices has increased as rapidly as the mobile phone. Devices like dishwashers and washing machines have enabled the domestic duties of others to be reduced or in some cases removed.
The use of hoovers and vacuum cleaners have become almost an even that people could refer back to with a nostalgic thought as these systems can now do it all for you, and even know we to go back to its docking site to recharge.
Create a list of the devices that you think could be developed into an automated system
Culture: psychological and sociological
psychological and sociological impact eg impact of de-skilling work, impact in the developing nations
impact of de-skilling work
The impact on culture is the potential to de-skill individuals from a trade as automated systems reduces the complexity of the work required. The fallout of this is that it could lead to employees having a sense of being less valued and demotivated. Automated machinery has taken away the need for some specialist trades such as wood machining and milling as automation reduces costs. There is some example where some trades are dying out or are unavailable is costs have escalated due to the lack of skilled individuals.
impact in the developing nations
A change in recent years is the large amount of overseas development and support that is provided to the UK, e.g service centres, it is more common today for a call to be answered by someone in another country. Research carried out in 2009 identified that in India alone, there were then 555 million 'techno-savvy' 15-25 year olds using or working with computers. This has given jobs opportunity's for poorer countries, but at what cost?
Lots of products are sourced from overseas as the cost of doing this is at times considerably lower than production in the UK. Consider the question: why, if the iPad was designed in the USA, is it assembled in China?
Research into Artificial intelligence and the Turin Test, create a set of powerpoint slides that will outline to a complete novice what they are.
Last Updated
2018-04-16 13:27:00
Links to Learning Outcomes |
Links to Assessment criteria |
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|---|---|---|
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LO 1 Know the impact of HCI on society, the economy and culture |
P2 explain the fundamental principles of HCI design M1 explain how an HCI could be adjusted for specialist needs |
English
Reading, Writing, Comprhension, Problems Solving, Nouns, CLE - stands for command line editor it enables you to edit text files using the command line. Dialog box- a window that responds to a command and allows you to make choices. In Office applications, clicking on a menu item with three dots ( ... ) after it will open a dialog box.
Maths
Compression, Reduction, Collect and record data: Questionnaires, Observation, Tally
How 2's Coverage
Just a Minute - At the end of the lesson teachers ask learners to summarise their learning. The comparison of these summaries against learning objectives informs planning.
Post-It's Please - Learners to identify what has been learnt by making a simple comment on a post-it.
Product Evidence - Learners to create product evidence to demonstrate understanding
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